1Overview
The Model 865B-M is a wideband low phase-noise synthesizer settable from 8 kHz to 40 GHz. The settable output power range is from −10 to +25 dBm. The module has milli-Hz frequency resolution and uses a high-stability internal reference. The internal reference can be phase-locked to a user-settable external reference. For highest phase coherence, multiple 865B-Ms can be cascaded with just one master reference clock.
The Model 865B-M offers dedicated sweeping capabilities with switching speeds of only 500 µs (20 µs with option FS) and internal phase and narrow pulse modulation. The module has USB and LAN interfaces and can be controlled using the SCPI 1999 command set. Operated with an external 24 V DC supply, it consumes less than 25 W. The instrument ships in a desktop enclosure with a color touch display.
2Key Features
- Low phase noise, −130 dBc/Hz at 1 kHz from a 1 GHz carrier.
- Fast switching down to 20 µs with option FS.
- FM, chirps, and pulse modulation.
- Internal OCXO with external variable reference input.
- USB and LAN interface, SCPI 1999 command set, single 24 V DC supply.
- Milli-Hz resolution at 0.001 Hz steps to 40 GHz.
3Frequency & Output Power
The 865B-M covers 100 kHz to 40 GHz, settable to 43.5 GHz, with 0.001 Hz frequency resolution and 0.01 deg phase resolution. The settable output power range is −10 to +25 dBm.
Signal Specifications
| Parameter | Min | Typical | Max | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency Range | 100 kHz 8 kHz | 40 GHz 40 GHz | Settable from 100 kHz to 43.5 GHz Option 8K | |
| Resolution | 0.001 Hz | |||
| Phase Resolution | 0.01 deg | |||
| Switching Speed CW Mode Sweep / List Mode | 1.5 ms 500 µs 500 µs | 20 µs | After SCPI command received Option FS |
Level Performance
| Parameter | Min | Typical | Max | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Output power level | (see also plot) | |||
| 10 MHz to 1.2 GHz | 0 dBm | +20 dBm +18 dBm | Option FILT | |
| 1.2 GHz to 20 GHz | -10 dBm | +20 dBm +13 dBm | Option FILT | |
| 20 to 30 GHz | 10 dBm | +20 dBm +13 dBm | Option FILT | |
| 30 to 40 GHz | 0 dBm | +18 dBm +10 dBm | Option FILT | |
| Power Resolution | 0.5 dB | |||
| Power Accuracy | ±0.5 dB | ±2 dB |
Reverse Power Protection and VSWR
| Parameter | Min | Typical | Max | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reverse power protection | ||||
| DC Voltage | 7 V | |||
| RF Power | +20 dBm | |||
| Output impedance | 50 Ohm | |||
| VSWR | 1.8 |
4Phase Noise & Spectral Purity
The 865B-M delivers low SSB phase noise across the band. At a 1 GHz carrier it reaches −130 dBc/Hz at 1 kHz from carrier, with a wideband noise floor of −160 dBc/Hz.
Phase Noise
| Parameter | Min | Typical | Max | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SSB Phase noise at 1 GHz | (see also plot) | |||
| At 10 Hz from carrier | -93 dBc/Hz | Option LN / LN+ | ||
| At 1 kHz from carrier | -130 dBc/Hz | |||
| at 100 kHz from carrier | -145 dBc/Hz | |||
| Wideband noise | -160 dBc/Hz | |||
| SSB phase noise at 10 GHz | ||||
| At 10 Hz from carrier | -73 dBc/Hz | Option LN / LN+ | ||
| At 1 kHz from carrier | -110 dBc/Hz | |||
| At 100 kHz from carrer | -125 dBc/Hz | |||
| Wideband noise | -160 dBc/Hz |
Spectral Purity
| Parameter | Min | Typical | Max | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Output harmonics | -15 dBc | -55 dBc | -45 dBc | Option FILT, > 1 GHz |
| Sub-harmonics | -75 dBc -50 dBc | -45 dBc -30 dBc | < 20 GHz > 20 GHz | |
| Non-harmonic spurious | -75 dBc | -60 dBc |
5Modulation
The 865B-M offers internal and external pulse modulation, an internal pulse generator, and internal frequency and phase modulation.
Pulse Modulation
| Parameter | Min | Typical | Max | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Modulation source | Internal/ external | |||
| Pulse rise/fall time | 10 ns | |||
| On/off ratio | 40 dB | Pout > +10 dBm, see plot | ||
| Pulse overshoot | 10% | |||
| Pulse delay | 20 ns | |||
| Pulse polarity | Normal, inverse | Selectable | ||
| External input threshold | 0.85 V | 0.9 V | 0.95 V | TTL compatible |
| Expernal input voltage range | -0.5 V | +5.5 V | TTL compatible | |
| External input hysteresis | 60 mV |
Internal Pulse Generator
| Parameter | Min | Typical | Max | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Repetition frequency (PRF) | 0.1 Hz | 100 MHz | = 1/T | |
| Duty cycle | 1 % to 99 % in 1% steps | within specified minimum pulse width | ||
| Pulse width settling range | 30 ns | 5 s | ||
| Pulse pattern modulation & staggered PRF | Using internal pattern generator | |||
| Programmable pattern length | 2 | 65536 | ||
| Duty cycle | 0.05% | 99.95% | ||
| Pulse period (T) accuracy | 0.00005xT+ 3ns | |||
| Pulse width accuracy | 0.00005xT+ 5ns | |||
| Pulse width resolution | 5 ns | |||
| Pulse jitter | 2 ns | 5 ns | ||
| Polarity | selectable |
Frequency Modulation
| Parameter | Min | Typical | Max | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency Modulation | ||||
| Modulation source | Internal | |||
| Maximum frequency deviation (peak) | N · 400 MHz | < 1.25 GHz (N=1) 1.25 GHz to 2.5 GHz (N=0.125) 2.5 GHz to 5 GHz (N=0.25) 5 GHz to 10 GHz (N=0.5) 10 GHz to 20 GHz (N=1) 20 GHz to 40 GHz (N=2) | ||
| Deviation accuracy | 0.50% | 2% | ||
| Distortion (THD) | < 1% | 1 kHz rate, 10 kHz deviation | ||
| Modulation rate | 0.1 Hz | 80 kHz | ||
| Modulation waveforms | Sine |
Phase Modulation
| Parameter | Min | Typical | Max | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Modulation source | Internal | |||
| Phase deviation (peak) | 0 | 300 · N · rad | ||
| Deviation accuracy | 0.50% | 2% | ||
| Modulation rate | 0.1 Hz | 80 kHz | ||
| Modulation waveforms | Sine | |||
| Distortion (THD) | < 1% | 1 kHz rate & N x rad deviation |
6Frequency Switching & Sweep
Standard switching is 500 µs, dropping to 20 µs with option FS for agile hopping. The module runs linear, logarithmic and random sweeps for automated band coverage.
Sweeping Capability
Sweep type: linear, logarithmic, random.
| Parameter | Min | Typical | Max | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency sweep | ||||
| Step time (tstep) | 500 µs 20 µs | Option FS | ||
| Dwell time (tdwell) | 15 µs |
Trigger (TRIG IN): Input is TRIG IN at front panel
| Parameter | Min | Typical | Max | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trigger types | Continuous, single (point), gated, gates direction | |||
| Trigger source | External, bus (LAN, USB) | |||
| Trigger modes | Continuous free run, trigger and run, reset and run | |||
| Trigger latency | 5 ns | |||
| Trigger uncertainty | 10 ns | |||
| External trigger delay | 50 ns | 40 s | ||
| External delay resolution | 5 ns | |||
| Trigger Modulo | 1 | 255 | Execute only on Nth trigger event | |
| Trigger Polarity | Rising, falling | |||
| External trigger input threshold | 0.85 V | 0.9 V | 0.95 V | TTL compatible |
| External trigger input voltage range | -0.5 V | +5.5 V | TTL compatible | |
| External trigger input hysteresis | 60 mV | |||
7Specifications
Frequency Reference
| Parameter | Min | Typical | Max | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Internal reference frequency | 100 MHz 10 MHz | Option LN | ||
| Temperature stability | ±100 ppb ±20 ppb | 0 to 50 degC Option LN / LN+ | ||
| Aging 1st year | 1 ppm 0.03 ppm 0.02 ppm | Option LN Option LN+ | ||
| Aging per day | 5 ppb 0.5 ppb < 0.5 ppb | after 30 days operations Option LN Option LN+ | ||
| Warm-up time | 5 min | |||
| Output of internal reference | 100 MHz 10 / 100 MHz | Option LN / LN+ | ||
| Output power | 0 dBm | 5 dBm | ||
| Output impedance | 50 Ohms | |||
| Bypass internal reference input | 100 MHz | High phase synchronous mode *Options LN/LN+ are bypassed | ||
| Phase lock to external reference | 1 MHz | 10 MHz Integer MHz | 250 MHz | Option VREF *Options LN/LN+ are bypassed |
| Reference bypass mode | 100 MHz | |||
| Reference input level | ||||
| 10 MHz or 1-250 MHz | -5 dBm | 0 dBm | +13 dBm | |
| Bypass 100 MHz | 5 dBm | +15 dBm | ||
| Reference input impedance | 50 Ohm | |||
| Lock Range | ||||
| 10 MHz or 1-250 MHz | ±1.5 ppm | |||
| Bypass 100 MHz | >100 ppm |
General Characteristics
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Remote programming interfaces | Ethernet 100BaseT LAN interface, USB 2.0, Control language SCPI Version 1999.0 |
| Power requirements | 24V ± 3.0 VDC; 25 W maximum |
| Mains adapter supplied | 100-240 VAC in / 24 V 4.0 A DC out |
| Environmental | Levels similar to MIL-PRF-28800F Class 3/4 |
| Operating temperature range | 0 to 45 °C |
| Storage temperature range | –40 to 70 °C |
| Operating and storage altitude | up to 15,000 feet (4600 m) |
| Safety/EMC | complies with applicable Safety and EMC regulations and directives |
| Weight | ≤ 2.2 lbs (1.0 kg) net |
| Dimensions (W x L x H) | 6.77 x 11.42 x 4.17 in [172 x 290 x 106 mm] |
8Interfaces & Form Factor
The 865B-M controls over Ethernet 100BaseT LAN and USB 2.0 using SCPI Version 1999.0. A high-stability internal reference holds frequency, and an external reference input lets you phase-lock the module to a system clock. The instrument ships in a desktop enclosure with a color touch display.
The module measures 6.77 x 11.42 x 4.17 in [172 x 290 x 106 mm] and weighs ≤ 2.2 lbs (1.0 kg) net. It runs from an external 24 V DC supply (24 V ± 3.0 VDC, 25 W maximum), with a 100-240 VAC mains adapter supplied.
Connectors
Front.
- Rotary Button: The rotary button is used to change the value selected on the screen.
- RF 50Ω connector: This female K-type connector provides the output for generator signals. The impedance is 50 ohm. The reverse power damage level is +20 dBm maximum. The maximum allowed DC level is +/- 7 V. Please check the data sheet for more details.
Rear.
- REF IN External reference input: BNC female
- MOD IN Modulation input for FM/PM: BNC female
- TRIG IN Trigger input: BNC female
- LAN connection RJ-45
- USB 2.0 host and device
- REF OUT Internal reference output: BNC female
- PULSE IN Pulse modulation input: BNC female
- TRIG OUT Trigger output: BNC female
- DC power switch
- DC Power plug (24 V, 3 A)
9Options & Configurations
| Host Model | Product | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 865B-M | 865B-M | 40 GHz Synthesizer, desktop enclosure & color touch display |
| 865B-M | Option 8K | Frequency range extension to 8 kHz |
| 865B-M | Option LN | Enhanced close in phase noise & frequency stability |
| 865B-M | Option LN+ | Enchanced close in phase noise & further enhanced long term frequency stability |
| 865B-M | Option EB | External power bank adapter cable |
| 865B-M | Option FILT | Improved harmonic rejection |
| 865B-M | Option IEC | IEC 17025 calibration with certificate |
| 865B-M | Option FLASH | MicroSD card slot for removable SD memory |
| 865B-M | Retrofit | Applies when options are back-ordered per channel |
| 865B-M | Option VREF | Variable external reference |
10Applications
- Automated test equipment (ATE)
- Local oscillator for frequency converters
- Telecom and SatCom systems
11Ordering
Order the base 865B-M (40 GHz synthesizer, desktop enclosure and color touch display), then add option 8K to extend the range to 8 kHz, LN or LN+ for enhanced close-in phase noise and frequency stability, FS for 20 µs switching, FILT for improved harmonic rejection, VREF for a variable external reference, EB for an external power bank adapter cable, IEC for IEC 17025 calibration, and FLASH for removable SD memory. For configuration help, pricing, or a quotation, contact Berkeley Nucleonics at info@berkeleynucleonics.com or 415-453-9955.